If it seems like autism prevalence is increasing steadily, you are not imagining things. According to the CDC, 1 in 36 children has been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This means that in a typical classroom of 36 students, statistically, one of them would be diagnosed with ASD. This number is drastically higher than the prevalence 20 years ago. In 2004, autism diagnoses prevalence was less than 6 per 1,000 children. This naturally leaves people to wonder why autism rates are increasing and whether there has been research about the rise in autism diagnoses.
Reasons Why Autism Diagnoses Prevalence Is Rising
While the increasing number of autism diagnoses can be alarming, it is crucial to consider why they might be increasing. While some speculated causes are alarming, others are simply increased awareness.
- For years it was assumed boys were more frequently affected than girls at a ratio of 4:1. We have learned since then that girls’ symptoms often represent themselves differently. The current ratio is now only 3:1.
- Autism diagnosis rates are increasing drastically among minorities due to improved awareness and increased access to social services.
- People are having children later in life, and there is a positive correlation between a mother’s age and autism rates.
- Air pollution is linked to higher rates of autism. A research study found that pregnant women living near a freeway were twice as likely to give birth to a child with ASD.
- Children who are exposed to heavy metals, pesticides, or other contaminants in utero or early development are more likely to be diagnosed with ASD.
- Scientists have found around 80% of autism cases can be linked to an inherited genetic mutation.
Has There Been Research About the Increasing Autism Diagnoses?
While awareness accounts for some of the increase in ASD diagnosis prevalence, scientists are continually researching what exactly causes autism and why it is increasing. These research efforts include studies on genetic mutations, environmental factors, and the role of AI in early detection and treatment.
Autism Is Linked to the Y Chromosome
The disparity between ASD in boys and girls has been accepted but not well understood. Geisinger’s Autism & Developmental Medicine Institute’s research team conducted a study on 177,416 individuals with abnormal numbers of sex chromosomes. They found an additional X chromosome had no increased ASD risk, but individuals with an extra Y chromosome were twice as likely to have ASD.
Air Pollution Study
A study led by Cheng-Kuan (Calvin) Lin, PhD ’19, found pregnant women exposed to fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5) have a greater risk of having a child with ASD, particularly if they are exposed in the third trimester. The risk increases to 67% if exposed to 10 micrograms of PM2.5 per cubic meter of air (mcg/m3) during early childhood and by 31% while in utero.
Studies and Advances in Early Detection
An early autism diagnosis is crucial for providing optimal intervention that can significantly improve long-term health. Fortunately, science and technology have made remarkable progress in helping diagnose children even before symptoms present themselves.
A Single Strand of Hair
An International, Multi-Center study was conducted on infant hair with ground-breaking results. They took a single strand of hair from one-month-old infants to analyze the level of certain metals and minerals, such as zinc and copper, over time. The study was able to predict an ASD diagnosis with 81% accuracy.
Using AI to Diagnose and Treat Autism
Deep learning, a type of AI, uses artificial neural networks to identify human patterns indicative of ASD. This can help confirm a diagnosis or suggest a need for further evaluation, instilling hope about the future of ASD management. AI apps and robots also assist ASD children with occupational therapy.
Empowerment in ASD Journey
If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with ASD, getting the right help is crucial. Path 2 Potential offers remote and in-person therapy, training, and services. We assist everyone and offer in-person support if you are near one of our many offices, such as Long Island, New York, or Miami, Florida. Our remote options provide flexibility and convenience for those too far to make it in person. To learn more, contact us today and take the first step in your ASD journey.